Cherry Eye is a disorder of the nictitating membrane (NM), also called the third eyelid, present in the eyes of dogs and cats. The eyes of cherry are most often seen in young dogs under the age of two. Common misnomers include adenitis, hyperplasia, adenomas of the third eyelid gland; However, cherry eye is not caused by hyperplasia, neoplasia, or primary inflammation. In many species, the third eyelid plays an important role in vision by supplying oxygen and nutrients to the eye through tear production. Typically, the gland can secrete without detachment. The cherry eye results from a defect in the retinaculum which is responsible for the glandular barrier to the periorbita. This defect causes the gland to prolapse and protrude from the eyes as a red fleshy mass. Problems arise when sensitive tissues dry out and are exposed to external trauma. Exposure to tissues often causes secondary inflammation, swelling, or infection. If left untreated, this condition can cause Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) and other complications.
Video Cherry eye
Description
The eyes of cherry most commonly occur in young dogs, especially descendants such as Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, British Bulldog, Lhasa Apso, Shih Tzu, West Highland White Terrier, Pug, Bloodhound, American Cocker Spaniel, and rare Boston Terrier Cherry eyes in felines, happen. This defect is most common in breed felines in Burma. A similar condition occurs in hollow dwarf rabbits, which occur in the harderian glands. Similar surgical treatment is required.
Cherry's eye is not considered a genetic problem, as there is no inherited evidence of predestination. NM contains many glands that merge and appear as single glands. Typically, the glands secrete tears to lubricate the cornea. The lack of anchoring allows the gland to flip, causing the gland to experience prolapse. Symptoms include visible fleshy mass, abnormal tear production, and discharge or drainage of the eye. The eyes of cherry are usually diagnosed by conjunctival examination and nictitating membranes. The most obvious symptom of the cherry eye is a round fleshy mass through the medial canthus of the eye, similar in appearance to the fruit it is named. This mass may be unilateral or '' bilateral ''. Both eyes can develop cherry eyes at different times in animal life. Other symptoms of cherry eye include drainage from the eyes and abnormal tear production. Initially, the cherry eye produces excess tears, but eventually turns into a non-substantial tear production.
Maps Cherry eye
Treatment
Non-surgical
The cherry eye, if caught early, can be solved with a closed eye massage that leads downwards towards the eye that is exposed to the eye or occasionally self-correcting or with antibiotics and steroids. Occasionally prolapse will improve itself without interruption, or by manually manual massage manipulation as often as necessary with medication.
Surgery
KCS often occurs in dogs, affecting one percent of the dog population. KCS is a chronic degenerative conjunctivitis that can cause visual impairment and blindness. KCS has various causes including drug poisoning, cherry eye, previous surgery, trauma, and irradiation. KCS can be treated, but treatment often covers the whole animal life.
In contrast to this, some surgeon surgical procedures exist to fix the cherry eye. Gland replacement will produce a lower sample of dry eyes later on. The type of surgery is divided into two groups: retaining procedures and pocket/envelope procedures. At least 8 surgical techniques currently exist. In the prophylactic procedure, the prolapsed gland should be stitched to the periorbital fascia, sclera, or base of the third eyelid. Instead, the pocket procedure involves suturing healthy tissue around the prolapse to close and secure it. Each of these techniques can be done with an anterior or superior approach, depending on the direction of the suture that will cause the least complication of the eye.
Anchoring Method
Initially, the retaining method involves suturing the glans to the globe. This method is replaced over time because of the risky and difficult nature of the surgery, along with a high recurrence rate. An anchorage approach from the posterior may interfere with normal fluid excretion. Furthermore, an anterior approach was introduced. Lack of barrier techniques include limited mobility of the third eyelid, which is important in fluid distribution function and self-cleaning. The new procedure is currently being explored to allow for the installation of NM without limiting the movement of the third eyelid. Some studies compare the results of surgery, therefore choosing a procedure is a matter of preference.
The envelope/pocket method
The envelope method, often called a pocket technique, requires tissue suture around the prolapse, wrapping it in a conjunctival coating. The easiest pocket technique for doctors to study. The pocket method also has an anterior and posterior version. Posterior tailoring techniques are the most commonly used because they cause the fewest complications, without changes in tear production. Surgery should only be performed by an experienced surgeon. Incorrect surgical techniques can lead to many complications including cysts in the eye.
Prognosis
No care
Previously, treatment was considered optional until the role of NM was fully understood. NM gland is responsible for 40-50% tear production. If exposed for long periods of time, these glands are at risk for trauma, secondary infection, and reduce tear production. Many complications can arise if left untreated: early closed-eye massage manipulation is recommended to prevent inflammation.
Post treatment
Postoperative care includes antibiotic eye ointment three times a day for two weeks. With newer procedures, the prolapse recurrence rate is minimal. Most techniques have a reprolapse rate of about zero to four percent. Sometimes additional or duplicate operations are required. With care, it is possible for animals to lead normal lives.
See also
- Conjunctivitis, commonly referred to as pink eye
References
External links
- Cherry Eye from the Pet Health Library
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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