Genu varum (also called bow-leggedness , bandiness , bandy-leg , and tibia vara ), is a varus deformity characterized by (out) bending on the knee, meaning that the lower leg tilts inward (medial) in relation to the thigh axis, giving the overall bough of the archer's bow. Usually the medial angulation of both lower extremity bones (femur and tibia) is involved.
Video Genu varum
Cause
If a child is sickly, either with rickets or other diseases that prevent bone hardening, or are not fed properly, the bending condition may persist. Thus the main cause of this deformity is rickets. Skeletal problems, infections, and tumors can also affect the growth of the feet, sometimes giving rise to one-sided legs. The cause of the rest is work, especially among jockeys, and from physical trauma, a condition that is likely to be a supervene after an accident involving the femoral condyle.
Childhood
Children up to age 3 to 4 years have a Genu Varum degree. The boy sat with his feet facing each other; tibia and outstretched thigh bone; and, if the limbs are extended, although the ankle is in contact, there is a different space between the knee joint. During the first year of life, gradual change takes place. Knee joints approaching each other; the femur tilts downward and inwards towards the knee joint; tibia becomes straight; and the sole of the foot is facing downwards.
While this change occurs, the bone, which initially consists mainly of cartilage, gradually becomes hard. By the time a normal child starts walking, the lower limbs are prepared, both by their general direction and by the stiffness of the bones that make up them, to support body weight.
Blount's Disease
Blount's disease is a deformity in the legs, mostly from the knee to the ankle. The affected bone arcs inward or outward and forms the usual "archer bow" which can also be called a bow-leg. There are two types of Blount disease. The first type is infantile: this means that children under four are diagnosed with this disease. Blount's disease at this age is very risky because it is sometimes undetectable and passes to the second type of Blount disease. The second type of Blount disease is found primarily in older children and in adolescents, sometimes in one leg and sometimes in both; the patient's age determines how severe the diagnosis is.
Maps Genu varum
Diagnosis
Treatment
Generally, no treatment is required for idiopathic presentations because it is a normal anatomical variant in children. Treatment is indicated when persisting beyond 3 and a half years. In the case of a one-sided presentation or a worsening of progressive curvature, when caused by rickets, the most important thing is to treat constitutional diseases, at the same time instructing the caregiver never to place the child on his feet. In many cases, this is sufficient to heal, but things can be accelerated by applying splints. When abnormalities occur in older patients, either from trauma or work, the only permanent treatment is surgery, but an orthopedic arrest can provide relief.
Blount's Disease
Treatment for children with Blount disease is usually braces, but surgery is also needed, especially for teenagers. This operation consists of removing a piece of tibia, breaking the fibula and straightening the bone; there is also a choice of elongated feet. If not handled early enough, the condition worsens quickly.
Prognosis
In most cases surviving after childhood, there is little or no effect on the ability to walk. Due to uneven stress and wear on the knee, however, lighter manifestations can see arthritic acceleration.
See also
- Genu valgum
- Genu recurvatum
- Varus deformitas
- Rickets
- Knee pain
- Knee osteoarthritis
References
External links
- "Bowed Legs". American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons.
Reviewed by POSNA (Pediatric Orthopedic Society of North America) member
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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