Sing Sing Correctional Facility is the maximum security prison operated by the New York State Department of Corruption and Community Supervision in the village of Ossining, in the state of New York, USA. Located about 30 miles (48 km) north of New York City on the eastern edge of the Hudson River.
In 1970, the name was changed to "Ossining Correctional Facility", but returned to its original name in 1985. "Sing Sing" derives from the name of the Native American tribe, "Sinck Sinck" (or "Sint Sinck"), from whom the land was purchased at 1685.
Sing Sing's place of detention limits about 1,700 prisoners. There are plans to convert the original 1825 cell blocks into a special time museum.
The prison property is divided by a four-lane Metro-North Railroad line, Hudson Line.
Video Sing Sing
History
Initial years
Sing Sing is the fifth jail built by the state of New York. The first prison, Newgate Prison, was built in 1797 in Greenwich Village and the second in 1816 was called the Auburn State Prison.
In 1824, the New York Legislature gave Elam Lynds, guardian of Auburn Prison and former Army captain, the task of building a more modern new prison. Lynds spent months researching possible locations for prisons, taking into account Staten Island, The Bronx, and Silver Mine, an area in the town of Mount Pleasant, located on the banks of the Hudson River.
In May, Lynds finally decided to build a prison in Mount Pleasant, near (and thus named) a small village in Westchester County called Sing Sing, whose name comes from the words of the Native American "Sinck Sinck" which translates to " stone on rock ". The legislature provides $ 20,100 to buy a site of 130 acres (0.53 km 2 ), and the project receives an official approval stamp. Lynds selected 100 inmates from Auburn prison for transfer and transport by barge through the Erie Canal and down the Hudson River to the freighter. On their arrival on May 14th, the site was "without a place to receive them or a wall to attach them"; "Temporary barracks, a cookhouse, a carpenter and a blacksmith" rushed toward completion.
When it opened in 1826, Sing Sing was regarded as a prison model, because it became an advantage for the state, and in October 1828, it was finally completed. Lynds uses the Auburn system, which imposes absolute silence on the prisoners; the system was upheld by whipping and other brutal punishment.
Since 1900
Thomas Mott Osborne's powers as the Sing Sing prison warden were short but dramatic. Osborne arrived in 1914 with a reputation as a radical prison reformer. His week-long incognito report on New York's Auburn Prison indicted the traditional prison administration with ruthless details.
Prisoners who have bribed officers and intimidated other prisoners lose their rights under the Osborne regime. One of them conspired with a powerful political ally to destroy Osborne's reputation, even managed to get him indicted for crimes and maladministration. After Osborne won in court, his return to Sing Sing was the reason for the wild celebrations by the inmates.
Another famous warden was Lewis Lawes. He was offered the warden's position in 1919, accepted in January 1920, and remained for 20 years as Sing Sing's prison chief. While the warden, Lawes brought reforms and transformed what was described as "the old hellhole" to a modern prison with sports teams, educational programs, new discipline methods, and more. Some new buildings were also built over the years Lawes are wardens. Lawes retired in 1941 after 21 years as a warden and died six years later.
In 1943, the old cellblock was finally closed and iron bars and doors were donated for the war effort.
In 1989, the institute was accredited for the first time by the American Correctional Association, which sets out a set of national standards used to assess every prison.
Currently Sing Sing is home to more than 2,000 inmates, with about 1,000 people working there and 5,000 visitors per month. The original prison cell of 1825 is no longer in use and in 2002 a plan was announced to turn this into a museum. In April 2011 there was talk of closing the prison for real estate.
Maps Sing Sing
Execution
In total, 614 men and women - including four inmates under federal death sentence - were executed by electric chairs at the death house with "Old Sparky", in Sing Sing until the abolition of the death penalty in 1972. High-profile executions included Julius and Ethel Rosenberg on June 19, 1953, for espionage for the Soviet Union on nuclear weapons research; and Gerhard A. Puff on August 12, 1954, for killing an FBI agent. The last person to be executed in New York state was Eddie Lee Mays, for the murder, on August 15, 1963.
In 1972, the United States Supreme Court ruled at Furman v. Georgia that the death penalty is unconstitutional if the application is inconsistent and arbitrary. This led to a temporary national moratorium (execution of death) in other countries in 1977), but the seat still exists. The electric chair was then moved to the Green Haven Prison Facility in working condition, but has not been used there by 2018.
Educational program
In 1996, Katherine Vockins founded Rehabilitation Through Art (RTA) at Sing Sing. RTA works in collaboration with theater professionals to provide detainees with a workshop-related theater curriculum throughout the year. The RTA program has made a number of dramas in Sing Sing open to prisoners and community guests. This program has shown that the use of dramatic techniques leads to a significant increase in cognitive behavior of program participants in prison and the reduction of recidivism ever released. The impact of RTA on social and institutional behavior was formally evaluated by John Jay College for Criminal Justice, in collaboration with the NYS Correction Department. Led by Dr. Lorraine Moller, Professor of Speech and Drama at John Jay, the study found that the RTA had a positive impact on the leading RTA detainee Pavle Stanimirovic who first participated in the program, pointing out that "the longer the prisoner is in the program, the less violations he does. "The RTA program currently operates in 5 other New York state jails.
The Hudson Link Organization for Higher Education in Prison provides college education to imprisoned people to help reduce recidivism and poverty and strengthen families and communities. In 1998, as part of a harsh campaign for crime, state and federal funding for college programs inside the prison was stopped. Understanding the positive impact of education in the transformation and rehabilitation of imprisoned people, prisoners at Sing Sing Correctional Facility reach academic and academic volunteers to develop a college degree degree program. Under Anne Reissner, Link Hudson for Higher Education in Prison was established to restore college education at Sing Sing through private funding.
The soccer team
In 1931, new prison reforms granted Sing Sing prisoners prisoners permission to take part in recreational opportunities. Baseball and soccer teams, as well as vaudeville presentations and concerts, are funded through income from paid attendance. Tim Mara, owner of New York Giants, sponsored Sing Sing Black Sheep, Sing Sing's soccer team. Mara provides equipment and uniforms and players to teach them fundamentally. He helped train them in the first season. Known as Black Sheep, they are also sometimes called Zebra. All games are "home" games, played at Lawes Stadium, named after Warden Lewis E. Lawes. In 1935, the early quarterback and two other starters escaped from the morning before the game.
Alabama Pitts is their starting QB and star for the first four seasons, but then finishes the sentence. After being released, Alabama Pitts played for the Philadelphia Eagles in 1935. In 1932, "graduates" Jumbo Morano was signed by the Giants, and played for Paterson Nighthawks of the Eastern Football League. In 1934, Commissioner of Corrections, Walter N. Thayer banned advertising activities in prisons, including football matches. On 19 November 1936, new rules prohibited ticket sales. No revenue is allowed when logged in to sports events and events. This money pays for charity for families of prisoners, especially executed relatives, and for salaries of equipment and coaches. With this new decree, the season ended and football in Sing Sing, beyond intramural, was also stopped.
Museum
The plan to convert part of Sing Sing into a museum back to 2002, when local officials attempted to convert the old generating house to the museum, connected by a tunnel to a retired cell block, at a cost of $ 5 million. In 2007, Ossining village proposed $ 12.5 million in federal money for the project, at the time estimated at $ 14 million. The proposed museum will feature Sing Sing stories when opened from time to time.
Donations to American English
The phrase "over the river" to describe a person in prison or to a prison comes from the practice of punishing those convicted in New York City to serve their terms in Sing Sing. The prison is literally up the Hudson River from town. The expression of the tube is from 1891.
Gallery
See also
- List of duplicated places names
- Marvin's Marvelous Mechanical Museum, which contains one of Sing Sing's electric chairs
- Sing Sing Caregiver
References
Further reading
- Barnes, Harry Elmer. Crime Repression: Studies in History of History . Montclair, NJ: Patterson Smith.
- Blumenthal, Ralph. The Magic of Sing Sing: How a Man Changes The Life of The Most Dangerous Prisoners in America . (2005)
- Brian, Denis. Sing Sing: The Inside Story of Notorious Prison . (2005)
- Brockway, Zebulon Reed. Fifty Years Service . Montclair, NJ: Patterson Smith.
- Christianson, Scott. Convicted: Inside Sing Sing Death House . (2000)
- Conover, Ted. Newjack: Guarding Sing Sing (2000) ISBN 0-375-50177-0
- Conyes, Alfred. Fifty Years in Sing Sing: Personal Account, 1879-1929 . SUNY Press (2015). ISBN 978-1-4384-5422-1
- Gado, Mark. Women's Death Penalty . (2008) ISBN 978-0-275-99361-0
- Goeway, David. Crash Out: The True Story of Hell's Kitchen Kitchen and the Foolish Escape in Sing Sing's History . (2005)
- Lawes, Lewis E.. Twenty Thousand Years at Sing Sing . New York: Ray Long & amp; Richard H. Smith, Inc., 1932.
- Lawes, Lewis E.. Live and Die at Sing Sing . Garden City, NY: Garden City Publishing Co., 1928
- Luckey, John. Live in Sing Sing State Prison, as seen in the Chaplaincy of the Twelve Years. New York: N. Tibbals & amp; Co., 1860.
- Morris, James McGrath. The Rose Man of the Sing Sing: The Real Life Story, Murder, and Redemption in the Age of Young Journalism . (2003)
- Papa, Anthony. 15 to Life: How I Paint My Way To Freedom (2004) ISBN: 1-932595-06-6
- Pereira, Al Bermudez. Sing Sing State Prison, One Day, One Lifetime (2006) ISBN 978-0-8059-7290-0
- Pereira, Al Bermudez. Community Ruins and the Honorable (2009) ISBN 978-0-578-04343-2
- Weinstein, Lewis M. Good Faith . (2007) ISBNÃ, 1-59594-162-2 (fiction)
External links
- List of Facilities - State Department of Corruption and Community Supervision of New York
- "All about Sing Sing Prison" by Mark Gado of The Crime Library
- The Institute of Corruption History of New York
- The City of Ossining, NY - The History of the City
- "Sing Sing Prison's History" Half Moon Press , May 2000 edition
- Art Rehabilitation Site
- Tocqueville in Ossining - Segments of C-SPAN Alexis de Tocqueville Tour
- C-SPAN's Inside Sing Sing Prison , June 6, 1997
- Unedited recording of Sing Sing's documentary in C-SPAN
- Photo of prisoner mugs and photos of prison 1920-1941 (digital images) from Lewis Lawes Papers, Lloyd Sealy Library Digital Collection
- Sing Sing Prison Museum website
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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