Lordosis

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Lordosis is an abnormal lordotic curvature in the lumbar and cervical spine of humans. The normal outer curvature (convex) in the thoracic and sacral regions is called kyphosis or kyphotic . This term comes from the Greek master? Sis, from lordos ("bent over backwards").

Lordosis in the human spine makes it easier for humans to carry most of their mass over the flanks. This allows it to run much more efficiently than other primates, whose inflexible thorns cause them to use inefficient and forward-leaning gait. Thus, the lordosis of the human spine is considered one of the major physiological adaptations of the human skeleton that allows human action to be as efficient as the energy it is today.

Lumbar hyperlordosis is an excessive extension of the lumbar region, and is usually called the "empty back" or the saddle (after similar conditions affecting some horses). Lumbar kyphosis is an abnormally straight lumbar area (or in a severe case bent). This condition is usually due to bad posture and can often be reversed by learning the correct posture and using the proper exercises.

Video Lordosis

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Lorosis lumbar

The normal lordotic arch, also known as secondary curvature, results in a difference in thickness between the front and back of the intervertebral disc. Lordosis can also increase at puberty, sometimes not becoming apparent until the early or mid 20s.

In radiology, the lordotic view is the X-ray taken from the backward patient.

Lumbar hyperlordosis

Lumbar hyperlordosis is a condition that occurs when the lumbar area (lower back) experiences extra stress or weight and curves to the point of pain or muscle spasms. Lumbar hyperlordosis is a general postural position in which the natural curves of the lumbar spine are slight or dramaticly emphasized. Generally known as swayback, it is common for dancers. Imbalances in strength and muscle length are also causes, such as weak thighs, or rigid hip flexors (psoas). The main feature of lumbar hyperlordosis is pelvic massage to the front, so the pelvis rests on the thigh.

Other health conditions and disorders can cause hyperlordosis. Achondroplasia (a disorder in which bone grows abnormally that can produce short stature as in dwarfism), Spondylolisthesis (a condition in which the spine slips forward) and osteoporosis (the most common bone disease in which bone density is lost resulting in weakened bone and increased chance of fracture) are some of the most common causes of hyperlordosis. Other causes include obesity, hyperkyphosis (a spinal disorder of the curvature in which the thoracic curvature is rounded abnormally), discit (inflammation of the infected intervertebral disk space caused by infection) and benign juvenile lordosis. Other factors may also include people with rare diseases, as is the case with Ehlers Danlos Syndrome (EDS), where the joints are hyper-wide and usually unstable (eg problematic joints are much more flexible, often to the point of partial or full dislocation ) is quite common throughout the body. With hyper-extended, it's also fairly common (if not the norm) to find the muscles around the joints to be the primary source of compensation when such instability exists.

Excess lordotic curvature - lumbar hyperlordosis, also called hollow back , and saddle (after similar conditions affecting some horses); swayback usually refers to an almost opposite postural misalignment that initially looks very similar. Common causes of lumbar hyperlordosis include tight lower back muscles, excessive visceral fat, and pregnancy. Rakhets, vitamin D deficiency in children, may cause lumbar lordosis.

Maps Lordosis

Signs and symptoms

Although hyperlordosis gives a stronger back impression, inconsistency can cause moderate to severe back pain. The most problematic symptom is a herniated disc in which the dancers have put so much pressure on their back that the disc between the spine has been damaged or has broken. Technical problems with dancing such as difficulty in attitude and arabesque positions can be a sign of weak iliopsoas. The iliopsoa urgency causes a dancer to have difficulty raising their feet to a high position. Weak abdominal muscles and rectus femoris of tight quadriceps are signs that improper muscle is working while dancing leading to lumbar hyperlordosis. The most obvious signs of lumbar hyperlordosis are lower back pain in dancing and pedestrian activities as well as having a swaying back appearance.

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Cause

Possible causes that cause Lumbar hyperlordosis conditions are as follows:

• Thorns - Natural factors about how thorns are formed greatly increase the likelihood of a particular individual to experience tension or sprain in the back or neck. Factors such as having more lumbar vertebrae allowing too much flexibility, and then in less lumbar cases, individuals do not achieve their need for flexibility and then encourage their bodies to injury.

• Legs - Other strange body formation is when a person has shorter legs than the other, which can be a direct cause of hip imbalance then puts pressure on the back posture which should tailored by a person into a vulnerable position to satisfy aesthetic appearance. This can cause permanent damage in the back. Genu recurvatum (kneeling back knee) is also a factor that forces a dancer to adjust to an unstable posture.

Hips - A common problem in the hip is a tight hip flexor, which causes poor lift posture, hip flexion contracture, which means lack of postural awareness, and hyperkyphotic thorax, which causes the individual to replace the limited hips (which are important for dancing like ballet). Weak psoas (short for iliopsoas muscles that control the hip flexors) force the dancers to lift from their back strengths rather than from the hips as they lift their legs into arabesque or attitude. This causes stress and risk of injury, especially since the dancer must compensate for getting the required position.

• Muscle - One of the biggest contributors is the uneven muscle. Since all muscles have muscles working opposite to it, it is important to keep all muscles protected, opposing muscles are not stronger than risky muscles. In situations of lumbar lordosis, the abdominal muscles are weaker than the muscles in the lumbar spine and the hamstring muscles. Muscle imbalance resulted in pulling down the pelvis on the front of the body, creating a swayback in the spine.

• Growth acceleration - Young dancers are more at risk of developing lumbar hyperordosis because the lumbar fascia and hamstrings are tightened when a child begins to accelerate growth during adolescence.

Technical factors

• Incorrect elevators - When male dancers are doing dance lifts with other dancers they are particularly vulnerable to lifting the wrong posture, pushing their arms up to lift other dancers, while letting them the core and curve of the spine is easy for later hyperlordosis behind the dancer.

• Overrated - Over 45% of anatomical site injury to dancers is on the lower back. This can be attributed to the type of repetitive dance practice that can cause minor trauma. If a damaged site is not given time to heal the injury damage will increase. The sudden increase in the intensity of the dance or sudden changes in dance choreography does not allow the body to adapt to new pressures. New dance styles, back to dance, or increase the time to dance with very much will result in fatigue in the body.

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Diagnosis

The measurement and diagnosis of lumbar hyperlordosis can be difficult. Termination of vertebral endebral signs by interdrop fusion may make traditional measurements of lumbar segmental lordosis more difficult. Since L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels are most often involved in fusion procedures, or arthrodesis, and contribute to normal lumbar lordosis, it is helpful to identify reproducible and accurate ways to measure segmental lordosis at these levels. The visible sign of hyperlordosis is an abnormally large arch on the lower back and the person appears to puff up his stomach and butt.

The right diagnosis is done by looking at the complete medical history, physical examination and other tests of the patient. X-rays are used to measure the lumbar arch. On lateral X-rays, the normal range of lordotic curvatures between 20 ° and 60 ° has been proposed by Stagnara et al., Measured from the inferior end10 of Th12 to the inferior endplate L5. The Scoliosis Research Society has proposed a range of 40 Â ° and 60 Â ° which is measured between the upper endplate of Th12 and the upper endplate S1. Individual studies, although using other reference points, have found the normal range up to about 85 °. In general, more prominent in women. Relatively constant during adolescence and young adulthood, but decreases in the elderly.

Bone scan is performed to rule out the possibility of fracture and infection, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to eliminate the possibility of spinal cord abnormalities or nerves, and computed tomography scans (CT scans) are used to get a more detailed picture of bones, muscles and organs in the area waist.

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Treatment

Since lumbar hyperlordosis is usually caused by poor postural habits, rather than by congenital physical defects such as scoliosis or hyperkyphosis, it can be reversed. This can be done by stretching the lower back, hip-pelvis, hamstring muscles, and strengthening the abdominal muscles. Dancers should ensure that they do not force themselves during practice and dance performances. To help lift, the concept of isometric contraction, where muscle length remains the same during contraction, is important for stability and posture.

Lumbar hyperlordosis can be treated by strengthening the hip extensor at the back of the thigh, and by flexing the hip flexor on the front of the thigh.

Only the muscles in front and behind the thighs can rotate the pelvis forward or backward while in a standing position because they can release the force on the ground through the legs and feet. Abdominal muscles and spinoe erector can not release the force at the anchor point when standing, unless someone holds his hand somewhere, then its function is to flex or extend the torso, not the hip. Returning hyper-extensions on a Roman seat or rubber ball will strengthen all the posterior chains and will treat hyperlordosis. Likewise stiff deadlifts and supine hip lifts and other similar movements strengthen posterior chains without involving hip flexors on the front of the thighs. Abdominal exercises can be avoided altogether if they stimulate too much psoas and other hip flexors.

The controversy over the extent of manipulative therapy can help patients still exist. If therapeutic action reduces symptoms, but not the level of measurable lordosis curvature, this can be seen as a successful treatment outcome, albeit on the basis of subjective data. The presence of measurable abnormalities does not automatically equalize with the reported symptoms level.

Stretching

Braces

The Boston brace is a plastic exterior that can be made with a small amount of lordosis to minimize pressure on discs that have disc herniation.

In cases where Ehlers Danlos syndrome (EDS) is responsible, being fitted correctly with a customized clamp can be a solution to avoid tension and limit the frequency of instability.

Tai chi

Although not really a 'treatment', tai chi chuan art calls for adjusting the lower back curvature (as well as the rest of the curvature of the spine) through specific re-alignment from the pelvis to the thigh, it is referred to in the abbreviation as 'dropping the coccyx'. The specifics of structural change are special schools, and are part of the jibengung (body change method) of these schools. This adjustment is called in tai chi chuan literature as 'when the lowest vertebra is perpendicular...'

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See also

• Hyperkyphosis
• Kyphoscoliosis
• Lordosis Behavior
• Pott's disease

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Footnote

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Referensi

• Gabbey, Amber. "Lordosis". Jaringan Kesehatan Dimasukkan . Diperoleh 10 Desember 2013 .
• Gylys, Barbara A.; Mary Ellen Wedding (2005), Medical Terminology Systems , Perusahaan FA Davis
• "Osteoporosis-ikhtisar". A.D.A.M . Diperoleh 8 Desember 2013 .

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Tautan eksternal

• Apa itu Lordosis?
• Lordosis - Definisi MedlinePlus
• Lordosis - SpineUniverse

Source of the article : Wikipedia