Foundation is a skin-colored makeup applied to the face to create a uniform color for the skin, to cover deficiencies and, at times, to change natural skintones. Some foundations also serve as a moisturizer, sunscreen, astringent or base layer for more complex cosmetics. The foundation applied to the body is commonly referred to as "body painting."
Video Foundation (cosmetics)
History
The use of cosmetics to improve skin back to antiquity. The "face painting" is mentioned in the Old Testament (Ezekiel 23:40). Ancient Egypt used the foundation. In 200 BC, ancient Greek women used white lead powder and lime to brighten their skin. It is considered fashionable for Greek women to have pale skin. Roman women also like pale skin. Rich Romans favor white tin paste, which can cause damage and death. Men also wear makeup to brighten their skin color. They use white lead powder, lime, and cream to brighten their skin tone. The cream is made from animal fat, starch, and lead oxide. The fat is made from animal carcasses and heated to remove the color. Tin oxide is made from heating of tin metal in the open air. Animal fat provides a subtle texture, while tin oxide gives color to the cream.
Throughout the Middle Ages in Europe, it was considered fashionable for women to have pale skin, due to brown skin associations with work outside the home, and therefore pale skin associations with prosperity. In the 6th century, women often bleed to achieve pale skin. During the Italian Renaissance, many women used water-soluble lead paint onto their faces. Throughout the 17th century and the Elizabethan era, women wore ceruse, a mixture of deadly white vinegar and lead. They also use egg whites on their faces to create glowing skin. Many men and women die from wearing lead-based makeup.
In the 18th century, Louis XV made it fashionable for men to wear lead-based makeup. The theater actors wear heavy white bases.
In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, Victorian women wore little or no cosmetology. Queen Victoria hates make-up and assumes that it's only fit for prostitutes and loose women to wear it. It's only acceptable for an actor or actress to wear makeup. At the end of the 19th century, women will use a bleach mixture made of zinc oxide, mercury, lead, silver nitrate, and acids. Some women live out in the sun, eat lime, and drink iodine to get whitish.
In the Edwardian era, women wear pads and do not bleach their skin like they did in the previous century.
The modern foundation can trace its roots to Carl Baudin from the Leipziger Stadt theater in Germany. He is the inventor of greasepaint. She wanted to hide the connection between her wig and forehead, so she developed a meat-colored paste made of zinc, ocher, and lard. This formulation was so popular among other actors that Baudin began commercially producing it, and, thus, gave birth to the first theater makeup.
This will be the standard for the make-up of the theater until 1914 when the makeup artist Max Factor creates Flexible Greasepaint that better reflects the lighting on the movie set. Although make-up will evolve dramatically from the discovery of Baudin, the make-up of the theater is, to this day, not too far from the original mix of fat and pigment.
Pan-Cake
The first commercially available foundation is Max Factor's Pan-Cake . Originally developed for use in films, the actress was so taken with the result that Max Factor was overwhelmed with requests for products for their personal use. The breakthrough in the formula is "the first foundation and powder in one"; Traditionally, an actor is made with oil/emollient make-up, which is then arranged with powder to reduce the reflection and ensure it will not fade or fade. Pan-Cake uses talc - not oil or wax - as a base, and, applied directly to the skin with a damp sponge, it offers enough coverage (can be coated without caking on the skin) to remove the need for a foundation underneath. It is considered much lighter and looks natural on the skin than the standard method, hence the desire of people to wear goods in public. Although make-up foundation is widely available and used in the film industry, the use of inner, general, cosmetics is still rather bad, and nobody is trying to market the foundation (although lipstick, blush on and nail polish are popular for everyday use) daily. The factor had a patented product in 1937, and, despite the economic turmoil of that era, Pan-Cake became one of the most successful cosmetics launches of all time. By 1940, it was estimated that one in three North American women had and used Pan-Cake. In February 2009, Procter and Gamble, the current brand owner, confirmed that the original formulas Factor developed and used alone is still sold today.
Maps Foundation (cosmetics)
Modern formulation
Color
Colors can be identified by name, number, letter, or combination of the three. However, unlike the Pantone or Munsell systems used in the art and fashion industry, the name of commercial cosmetic products is not standardized. If makeup artists ask for a "Medium Beige" foundation, the results can vary greatly from brand to brand, and sometimes, in one brand across different formulas. Cosmetics companies can also edit and adjust their formulations at any time, resulting in a 'Medium Beige' foundation that has been used by consumers for years to be a slightly different color or color without prior notice.
Color classification
Cosmetics companies classify their base Warm, Neutral or Cool based on matching skin color of the wearer. A number of professional lines, such as William Tuttle, Ben Nye, Visiora, M.A.C. and even Max Factor, do the opposite, naming their colors based on 'undoing' the wearer's natural color so they do not get very yellow and so on. In other words with some professional lines, warm skin will choose a cool foundation, and cold skin will wear a warm foundation. The naming differences are not associated with different definitions of warm and cold on the color wheel.
Options
Although most artists differ on the importance of choosing the right match with the skin color of the wearer, deliberately using the mismatch can achieve the desired result. Very red skin can be minimized by using a creamy foundation â € <â € <(yellow or pink). Pale or dull skin can be stained with red roses, mature and dead-brown adult skin can be bright with a clear pink color, and olive or damp skin can become brighter with a peach injection.. An important point in choosing a foundation shade is to recognize that the appearance of shade in the container may not accurately measure the impact of color on the skin - the very yellow-looking foundation in the bottle may be less yellow, or not yellow at all.
Coverage
Coverage refers to the opacity of makeup, or how much it will hide on the skin.
- Sheer is the most transparent and contains the least amount of pigment. It will not hide the discoloration of the skin but it can minimize the contrast between discoloration and residual skin tone. Although pigment technology has evolved dramatically since 2004, the traditional protocol for a mere foundation asks pigments to contain 8-13% of the ready-made formulas.
- Light can mask ruggedness and a bit of blotchiness but not clear enough to cover the spots. It contains 13-18% pigment. Coverage
- Medium can be set with colored powder (not translucent), covering the spots, color stains, stains, and red marks left by acne. It contains 18-23% pigment. Coverage
- Full is very opaque and is used to cover birthmarks, vitiligo, hyperpigmentation, and scars. Sometimes referred to as "corrective" or "camouflage" makeup. In general, it contains up to 35% pigment, although professional brands, designed for use on stage, can contain up to 50% pigment.
Application tools
There are various tools that can be used to apply the foundation including your fingers, sponges, and some types of foundation brushes, each giving a different end result. Before applying foundation always starts with clean and moist skin. Any dry and scaly skin patches will be highlighted when the makeup is applied so that the user must first peel their skin if necessary.
- Fingers : Using your fingers is great for creating a natural look. The natural body heat on your fingers helps the foundation melt into your skin and is easy to blend in a thin layer of makeup. However, using your fingers is not recommended to apply full coverage foundation as it will create a streaky and uneven appearance.
- Sponges : Using sponges to apply a very good foundation to create a medium to medium cover appearance. A triangular sponge is good to mix in a liquid foundation and concealer, while round sponges are the best for foundation powder. Moisten a clean sponge with water first: moisture will help prevent the sponge from absorbing makeup, but be sure to squeeze out the excess water. Sponges will also help in mixing. Try to find a sponge with a pointed tip for a remarkable mixing of the eye area. Also, note that reusing sponges may be unhygienic, so sponges should be thoroughly washed and dried after each use.
- Brush : For liquid foundation, a brush with synthetic bristles is recommended because the brush will not absorb too much fluid. Alternatively, more porous natural hairs are better used for powder foundation such as mineral makeup. A very abrasive brush is best for the foundation because it is less likely to leave a striped stroke. Like all the tools used to apply makeup, the brush should be soft and soft, because anything that is too stiff will scratch and irritate the skin.
- Airbrush : The liquid foundation is applied with airflow. Airbrush mixes the foundation with uncontrollable compressed air flow. It is attached to the skin as millions of tiny droplets from the foundation. This technique can create an even, natural, and natural appearance for the skin that, if properly applied to a natural look, can look natural and not heavy like traditional makeup. Airbrush makeup applications are also often used in special effects makeup.
Formulation
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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